The spinal column is one of the most important components of the human body and it forms the structure that allows us to stand, move, bend and twist. The spine also provides strong protection to our spinal cord that connects our brain to our nervous system.

The human spine is generally consist of 33 vertebrae divided structurally into five regions such as 7 cervical vertebrae, 12 thoracic vertebrae, 5 lumbar vertebrae, 5 sacral vertebrae, and 4 coccyx vertebrae.

A spinal segment consists of two vertebrae, an intervertebral disc and two nerve roots. When a patient suffers from back pain, the doctor’s generally focus is on spinal segment. Besides, the nerve roots transfer information consistently between the brain and extremities and when they are compressed or irritated by the bone spurs or the disc, the nerve roots can cause pain.